JSON और CSV

name,note,price
pen,blue ink,15.0
bag,"large, sturdy",850.0

with open("items.csv", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
    for line in fh:
        print(line.strip().split(","))

['name', 'note', 'price']
['pen', 'blue ink', '15.0']
['bag', '"large', ' sturdy"', '850.0']

import csv

with open("items.csv", "r", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as fh:
    for row in csv.reader(fh):
        print(row)

['name', 'note', 'price']
['pen', 'blue ink', '15.0']
['bag', 'large, sturdy', '850.0']

import csv

with open("items.csv", "r", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as fh:
    for row in csv.DictReader(fh):
        print(row["name"], "-", row["price"], type(row["price"]))

pen - 15.0 <class 'str'>
bag - 850.0 <class 'str'>

import csv

rows = [
    {"name": "pen", "price": 15.0},
    {"name": "bag", "price": 850.0},
]

with open("out.csv", "w", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as fh:
    writer = csv.DictWriter(fh, fieldnames=["name", "price"])
    writer.writeheader()
    writer.writerows(rows)

name,price
pen,15.0
bag,850.0

import json

order = {"name": "pen", "price": 15.0, "tags": ["ink", "blue"], "stocked": True, "note": None}

print(json.dumps(order))

{"name": "pen", "price": 15.0, "tags": ["ink", "blue"], "stocked": true, "note": null}

import json

order = {"name": "pen", "tags": ["ink", "blue"]}

print(json.dumps(order, indent=2))

{
  "name": "pen",
  "tags": [
    "ink",
    "blue"
  ]
}

import json

text = '{"name": "pen", "price": 15.0, "stocked": true, "note": null}'
order = json.loads(text)

print(order)
print(type(order["price"]), type(order["stocked"]), order["note"] is None)

{'name': 'pen', 'price': 15.0, 'stocked': True, 'note': None}
<class 'float'> <class 'bool'> True

import json

data = {"pair": (1, 2), "numbers": {3, 4}}

print(json.dumps({"pair": data["pair"]}))
print(json.dumps(data))

{"pair": [1, 2]}
TypeError: Object of type set is not JSON serializable

name,note,price,quantity
pen,blue ink,15.0,3
bag,"large, sturdy",850.0,1
ink,,120.0,2
clip,broken,,4

"""वस्तुओं की एक CSV पढ़ें, उसका योग करें, और परिणाम को JSON के रूप में लिखें।"""

import csv
import json
from pathlib import Path

TAX_RATE = 0.15


def read_items(path):
    """उपयोग योग्य पंक्तियों और समस्याओं को लौटाता है। csv कोट्स को संभालता है।"""
    items = []
    problems = []

    with open(path, "r", encoding="utf-8", newline="") as fh:
        for number, row in enumerate(csv.DictReader(fh), start=2):
            try:
                items.append({
                    "name": row["name"],
                    "note": row["note"],
                    "amount": round(
                        float(row["price"]) * int(row["quantity"]) * (1 + TAX_RATE), 2),
                })
            except ValueError as err:
                problems.append(f"line {number}: {err}")

    return items, problems


def main():
    items, problems = read_items(Path("items.csv"))

    summary = {
        "items": items,
        "total": round(sum(item["amount"] for item in items), 2),
        "skipped": problems,
    }

    Path("summary.json").write_text(
        json.dumps(summary, indent=2) + "
", encoding="utf-8")

    print(Path("summary.json").read_text(encoding="utf-8"), end="")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

{
  "items": [
    {
      "name": "pen",
      "note": "blue ink",
      "amount": 51.75
    },
    {
      "name": "bag",
      "note": "large, sturdy",
      "amount": 977.5
    },
    {
      "name": "ink",
      "note": "",
      "amount": 276.0
    }
  ],
  "total": 1305.25,
  "skipped": [
    "line 5: could not convert string to float: ''"
  ]
}